Thanksgiving World War II

Some impressions and stories of Thanksgiving during World War II.

American soldiers in Paris are shown leaving the famous Notre Dame Cathedral after a special Thanksgiving Day service. November 23, 1944.

Sgt. Bill Murphy Jr. (Perryville, Kentucky) shares his Thanksgiving turkey with a small Italian girl on the 5th Army front in the San Marcello Pistoiese Area, Italy.

To you, America—a Thanksgiving day celebration.
A view of one section of the vast audience gathered for the celebration at the Royal Albert Hall. November 24, 1944.

Italy. A Thanksgiving service is being held beside one of the ruined bridges across the Volturno river. Photo by Capt. Knight. November 1943.

Thanksgiving menu from the escort carrier USS Wake Island. November 25, 1943 (US Navy)

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The First Thanksgiving

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Us Europeans often get confused about this whole Thanksgiving business,for in Europe Thanksgiving is on the 1st Sunday in October. That’s when we say thanks for the harvest.

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Although the US Thanksgivin has also an element of harvest in it, it is not the same as the European one.

In 1621, the Plymouth colonists and Wampanoag Indians shared an autumn harvest feast that is acknowledged today as one of the first Thanksgiving celebrations in the colonies. For more than two centuries, days of thanksgiving were celebrated by individual colonies and states. It wasn’t until 1863, in the midst of the Civil War, that President Abraham Lincoln proclaimed a national Thanksgiving Day to be held each November.

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The 1621 Thanksgiving celebration marked the Pilgrims’ first autumn harvest, so it is likely that the colonists feasted on the bounty they had reaped with the help of their Native American neighbors. Local vegetables that likely appeared on the table include onions, beans, lettuce, spinach, cabbage, carrots and perhaps peas. Corn, which records show was plentiful at the first harvest, might also have been served, but not in the way most people enjoy it now. In those days, the corn would have been removed from the cob and turned into cornmeal, which was then boiled and pounded into a thick corn mush or porridge that was occasionally sweetened with molasses.

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The history of the Thanksgiving turkey is a bit of a mystery. Nobody knows exactly how this particular bird earned a place of honor at the table each November, but historians have a few different theories.

Thanks to letters and records kept by early American settlers, we know that when the colonists sat down to dine with the Wampanoag Indians, beef and fowl were on the menu. Although historians cannot say for sure which types of fowl were served up that day, a letter written by pilgrim Edward Winslow mentions a turkey hunting trip before the meal.

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Anyway have a great one this year.

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Thanksgiving—World War II-Style

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During World War II, the Office of Price Administration (OPA) instituted rationing, limiting the amount of goods, including food items, that civilians could purchase, affecting daily life and traditions on the homefront.

Despite the difficulties, dangers, and deprivations of the World War II era, Americans still gave thanks.

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World War II presented a hugely intricate logistics challenge in supplying our troops with food. During this time, soldiers subsisted on canned goods, dried fruit, and powdered eggs. But on Thanksgiving, the supply chain went to extraordinary lengths by transporting over 1.6 tons of turkey to ensure the troops ate a traditional hot dinner.

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Officers of the 77th Bomb Group and the 54th Fighter Group celebrate Thanksgiving with a turkey dinner.

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World War II Thanksgiving for the 102nd Infantry Division.

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After receiving permission from the farm owner, these men, attached to an airbase at Norfolk, England, invade a turkey pen to choose their annual Turkey Day repast. The turkeys were given to the men for their Thanksgiving dinners on 6 November 1943.

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Italy, November 1944, the unit was (probably) the 805th Tank Destroyer Battalion.

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It didn’t matter where they were or what hardships they faced—Americans still gathered together to celebrate and give thanks.

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